Archive for the 'In the News' Category

The Birds and Bees to be Taught from Grade 3

Source:  The Spec.com

Ontario elementary schoolchildren will learn more detailed sex education in earlier grades under a new province-wide curriculum that begins this September.

The revised curriculum, to be taught in all school boards in Ontario, also means for the first time, children will learn about “invisible differences” such as sexual orientation and gender identity in Grade 3.

In addition to learning about healthy relationships, self-esteem and the value of delaying sexual activity, students will learn about some potentially controversial issues. Some of the material to be discussed includes:

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Young Adult Sexual Health: Current and Prior Sexual Behaviors Among Non-Hispanic White U.S. College Students

Source:  The Body

The current study provides information on the prior and current sexual practices — including oral sex, vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, and masturbation — of a population of U.S. college students. “Less is known about the sexual health of young adults than about adolescents, despite 20- to 24-year-olds’ greater risk of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmissible infections,” the authors wrote.

The researchers examined data from a cross-sectional sexuality survey of students at two U.S. universities: one in the Midwest and one in the Southwest. The sample consisted of 1,504 non-Hispanic, white, never-married students who identified as heterosexual.

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Which HIV-infected men who have sex with men in care are engaging in risky sex and acquiring sexually transmitted infections: findings from a Boston community health centre

Source:  Sexually Transmitted Infections

Abstract

Objectives The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a cohort of HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in their primary care setting, and to identify the demographic and behavioural characteristics of those infected with STI and the correlates of sexual transmission risk behaviour.

Methods At study entry, participants (n = 398) were tested for STI and their medical charts were reviewed for STI results in the previous year. Data on demographics, substance use, sexual behaviour and HIV disease characteristics were collected through a computer-assisted self-assessment and medical record extraction. Logistic regression analyses assessed characteristics of those with recent STI and recent transmission risk behaviour.

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Women Favor Home STI Tests

Source:  Medpage Today

Women preferred by a large margin to test for sexually transmitted infections at home, rather than at a clinic, researchers found.

And those who chose a home test in a cohort study were twice as likely to complete the test as those who said they’d prefer to go to a free clinic or their healthcare provider, according to Jeffrey Peipert, MD, PhD, of Washington University in St. Louis, and colleague

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Microbicides, vaccines may need to repel HIV contact at mucosa

Source: Aidsmap

HIV can damage the walls of cells in the mucous membranes in the genital tract and the intestines, permitting the virus to pass across these barriers and infect vulnerable cells below, even when the tissue is undamaged, Canadian researchers report this week in the journal PLoS Pathogens.

The findings suggest that microbicides and vaccines may have the greatest chance of success if they can limit or prevent completely contacts between HIV’s gp120 surface protein and cells in the mucous membranes of the genital tract and the intestines.

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Expert: Using antiretroviral drugs early may curb HIV/AIDS spread

Source:  CNN

San Diego, California (CNN) — Antiretroviral drugs that are being used to prolong the lives of patients infected with HIV/AIDS could also be greatly effective in slowing its spread, epidemiologist Brian Williams said.

The concentration of the virus drops by a factor of 10,000 with antiretroviral treatment, resulting in 25 times the reduction of infectiousness, said Williams, formerly of the World Health Organization and now at the South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis. That means that if more people with HIV received this therapy early, there would be fewer new cases of the disease, he said Saturday at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

“We could effectively stop transmission within five years,” Williams said.”

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CROI: Couples Strategy Cuts HIV Transmission

Source:  Medpage Today

“SAN FRANCISCO — Antiretroviral treatment is highly effective at reducing risk of HIV transmission to uninfected partners, prospective data has affirmed.

The 92% reduction in risk of transmission dropped the incidence of in-couple transmission from 2.23% to 0.39%, found Deborah Donnell, PhD, of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle.

She presented the observational analysis of clinical trial data here at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections.”

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CROI: Study Finds Few Differences in Competing Drug Regimens

Source:  Medpage Today

“SAN FRANCISCO — Four years of clinical data indicate that patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and treated with the integrase inhibitor raltegravir (Isentress) fare as well as patients treated with efavirenz (Sustiva), researchers here reported.

“There is no difference between these patients in efficacy after [192 weeks], but the side effects on lipids favor raltegravir,” said Eduardo Gotuzzo, MD, director of infectious diseases at Hospital Nacionale Cayetano Heredia, in Lima, Peru.”

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Increased testing leads to decrease in viral load and infections in San Francisco, and in late diagnosis in Washington

Source:  Aidsmap

“The HIV infection rate in San Francisco appears to be falling, and the fall is associated with a reduction in the average viral load in HIV-positive people, due to more people on treatment, the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) heard on Wednesday.

Dr Moupali Das from the San Francisco Department of Public Health (DPH) told the conference that the reduction in infections was ultimately due to an increased frequency of HIV testing. It is estimated that only one in seven people with HIV in the city is unaware of their infection, one of the lowest undiagnosed rates in the world.”

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