Archive Page 4

Optimism dominates AIDS vaccine conference

Source:  Bay Area Reporter

Researcher Lawrence Corey speaks at the HIV vaccine conference in Atlanta.

Doctor Conant’s comments:  Even if the trial, beginning in 2013, is amazingly successful, we will not see an AIDS vaccine on the market before 2020. All HIV-positive patients should be on highly active antiretroviral therapy, should have an undetectable viral load, and should use condoms.

“AIDS vaccine researchers meeting in Atlanta last week expressed renewed optimism that they might finally be on the path to creating a product that can prevent the deadly HIV infection.

“A few years ago I wasn’t even sure that it was possible,” said Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. But last year the RV144 trial in Thailand, a trial that many researchers thought was doomed to fail and they tried to stop, showed a surprising 31 percent protection.

Fauci called that an important “proof of concept” of the principle that such a vaccine is possible. “But we still don’t know what the correlates of protection are,” he said. Correlates are those specific components of the innate and adaptive immune systems that provide that protection.”

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Modelling study: no condom use after recent viral load test safer than intermittent condom use

Source:  AIDSmap

Doctor Conant’s comments:  Everyone should be routinely tested for HIV and go on treatment as soon as possible to reduce the chance of transmission.

“In stable gay couples, where one partner is taking HIV treatment and the other is HIV-negative, the risk of HIV transmission is relatively low if condoms are not used following a recent undetectable viral load test result. However, using condoms on a few more occasions but without reference to viral load substantially increases the risk of HIV transmission.  These are the findings of a mathematical modelling study, drawing on detailed data on viral loads in Dutch gay men, published online ahead of print in Sexually Transmitted Infections.

The model suggests that during the entire period that a first-line treatment regimen is taken, the risk of HIV transmission would be 1% if condoms are used all the time, 3% if condoms are not used after an undetectable viral load test in the past six months, 17% if condoms are used 30% of the time, and 22% if condoms are never used.”

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American Evangelical Lou Engle Promotes ‘Kill the Gays’ Bill at Sunday’s Rally in Uganda

Source:  Huffington Post

Doctor Conant’s comment:  It would appear that Christian missionaries forgot to mention Jesus’ admonition to “do unto others as you would have others do unto you .”

“Over 1,300 people gathered at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda on Sunday to hear American Evangelical Lou Engle preach at a rally and prayer service against “homosexuality, witchcraft, and corruption.”

Engle’s involvement in organizing TheCall Uganda was mired in controversy from the very beginning given his long history of violent anti-gay and anti-abortion rhetoric and preaching. At past TheCall rallies, like the one in support of Proposition 8 in California, Engle called homosexuality a “spirit of lawlessness” and called for “martyrs” to become “God’s Avengers of Blood” to stop the “homosexual agenda” at all cost.

Engle’s newly founded chapter of TheCall Uganda comes at a time of unparalleled violence and animus towards LGBT people in the country, including the odious Anti-Homosexuality Bill, which calls for life imprisonment for gays and their supporters, as well as the death penalty in some cases.

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The Birds and Bees to be Taught from Grade 3

Source:  The Spec.com

Ontario elementary schoolchildren will learn more detailed sex education in earlier grades under a new province-wide curriculum that begins this September.

The revised curriculum, to be taught in all school boards in Ontario, also means for the first time, children will learn about “invisible differences” such as sexual orientation and gender identity in Grade 3.

In addition to learning about healthy relationships, self-esteem and the value of delaying sexual activity, students will learn about some potentially controversial issues. Some of the material to be discussed includes:

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Young Adult Sexual Health: Current and Prior Sexual Behaviors Among Non-Hispanic White U.S. College Students

Source:  The Body

The current study provides information on the prior and current sexual practices — including oral sex, vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, and masturbation — of a population of U.S. college students. “Less is known about the sexual health of young adults than about adolescents, despite 20- to 24-year-olds’ greater risk of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmissible infections,” the authors wrote.

The researchers examined data from a cross-sectional sexuality survey of students at two U.S. universities: one in the Midwest and one in the Southwest. The sample consisted of 1,504 non-Hispanic, white, never-married students who identified as heterosexual.

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Which HIV-infected men who have sex with men in care are engaging in risky sex and acquiring sexually transmitted infections: findings from a Boston community health centre

Source:  Sexually Transmitted Infections

Abstract

Objectives The primary objective was to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a cohort of HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in their primary care setting, and to identify the demographic and behavioural characteristics of those infected with STI and the correlates of sexual transmission risk behaviour.

Methods At study entry, participants (n = 398) were tested for STI and their medical charts were reviewed for STI results in the previous year. Data on demographics, substance use, sexual behaviour and HIV disease characteristics were collected through a computer-assisted self-assessment and medical record extraction. Logistic regression analyses assessed characteristics of those with recent STI and recent transmission risk behaviour.

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Women Favor Home STI Tests

Source:  Medpage Today

Women preferred by a large margin to test for sexually transmitted infections at home, rather than at a clinic, researchers found.

And those who chose a home test in a cohort study were twice as likely to complete the test as those who said they’d prefer to go to a free clinic or their healthcare provider, according to Jeffrey Peipert, MD, PhD, of Washington University in St. Louis, and colleague

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Microbicides, vaccines may need to repel HIV contact at mucosa

Source: Aidsmap

HIV can damage the walls of cells in the mucous membranes in the genital tract and the intestines, permitting the virus to pass across these barriers and infect vulnerable cells below, even when the tissue is undamaged, Canadian researchers report this week in the journal PLoS Pathogens.

The findings suggest that microbicides and vaccines may have the greatest chance of success if they can limit or prevent completely contacts between HIV’s gp120 surface protein and cells in the mucous membranes of the genital tract and the intestines.

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Expert: Using antiretroviral drugs early may curb HIV/AIDS spread

Source:  CNN

San Diego, California (CNN) — Antiretroviral drugs that are being used to prolong the lives of patients infected with HIV/AIDS could also be greatly effective in slowing its spread, epidemiologist Brian Williams said.

The concentration of the virus drops by a factor of 10,000 with antiretroviral treatment, resulting in 25 times the reduction of infectiousness, said Williams, formerly of the World Health Organization and now at the South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis. That means that if more people with HIV received this therapy early, there would be fewer new cases of the disease, he said Saturday at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

“We could effectively stop transmission within five years,” Williams said.”

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